What are chunks of rock or metal orbiting in outer space called?

Chunks of rock or metal that are orbiting in outer space are referred to as meteoroids. This term specifically denotes smaller bodies that are typically in the range of a few micrometers to several meters in diameter. Meteoroids are often considered to be the precursors to larger celestial bodies, and they can become meteors when they enter the Earth's atmosphere and produce visible streaks of light due to the intense heat generated by friction.

Meteoroids travel through space and are distinct from larger astronomical objects like asteroids and comets. It's also important to note that when meteoroids reach Earth's surface, they are known as meteorites, which is a separate classification. Understanding these definitions helps clarify the distinctions among various celestial formations and their behaviors in space.