Which of the following is NOT a primary celestial body that influences Earth's environment?

Jupiter is not considered a primary celestial body that influences Earth's environment. The Moon plays a significant role in affecting Earth's tides and stabilizing its axial tilt, which in turn influences climate patterns. Both Saturn and Venus also have an impact on our understanding of planetary atmospheres and conditions but do not exert the same influence on Earth's immediate environment as the Moon does.

Jupiter, while a massive planet with substantial gravitational pull, primarily influences the solar system's dynamics as a whole rather than directly impacting Earth’s environment. Its role mainly includes protecting Earth from potential asteroid impacts due to its strong gravity, but this does not translate to a direct influence on Earth's environmental conditions like temperature or weather patterns.